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Grammar Guide

Decisions (ことにする)

We use the below structure to show that we have decided on one thing out of multiple choices. The most common example would be saying, “I’ll have the pizza” at a restaurant.

[NOUN] にする

私わたしはピザにします。
I’ll take the pizza.
何なににする?
What will you have?

Deciding on an Action (ことにする)

The above is the most basic structure. More commonly, you will see it used with nominalised verbs (Dictionary Form + こと) to show that you have decided to perform an action.

大学だいがくで専攻せんこうとして歴史れきしを選えらぶことにしました。
I decided to choose history as my subject at university.
新あたらしいテレビを買かうことにしました。
I decided to buy a new television.

JLPT Trap (Negative Decisions): If you want to say “I decided not to do something,” you must make the verb negative, not the deciding action. It is 〜ないことにする (I decided not to do X), never 〜することにしない.

明日あしたは会社かいしゃに行いかないことにした。
I decided not to go to work tomorrow.

ことにする vs. 決める

We could, of course, also use the verb “to decide” (決める – きめる).

新あたらしいテレビを買かうことに決きめました。
I decided to buy a new television.
新あたらしいテレビを買かうことを決きめました。
I decided to buy a new television.

The meaning is almost identical, with the following two points to note:

  1. ことにする is more conversational and colloquial.
  2. The ultimate meanings of the final verbs “to do” and “to decide” are still present in the sentence, and so the two are not always interchangeable.

For example, there is a special, highly tested usage of ことにする. When attached to the past tense (た-form) or negative past tense of a verb, it means “to treat something as if it happened” (even when it didn’t) or “to pretend.” You cannot use 決める here.

今いまの話はなしは聞きかなかったことにしてください。
Please pretend you didn’t hear what I just said (Let’s treat it as if you didn’t hear it).
今いまの話はなしは聞きかなかったことに決きめてください。(✘)
Please decide to not have heard what I just said.

Making it a Rule: ことにしている

A major JLPT grammar point builds directly on this structure. If you change the verb to the continuous している form, it means you have decided on an action and continue to enforce it as a personal habit or rule (“I make it a rule to…”).

毎朝まいあさジョギングをすることにしています。
I make it a rule to go jogging every morning.
夜よる10時じ以降いこうはスマホを見みないことにしている。
I make it a point not to look at my phone after 10 PM.
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