Tokyo Imperial Palace (皇居, Kōkyo) is located to the west of Tokyo Station and occupies some of the most expensive real estate in the world. It has served as the official residence of the Imperial Family since 1868. Built on the grounds of the former Edo Castle, Tokyo Imperial Palace is surrounded by a moat and comprises of the Inner Grounds, Kitanomaru Park, Imperial Palace East Gardens, and Imperial Palace Outer Gardens.
It used to be the case that visitors often come away from Tokyo Imperial Palace disappointed for the simple reason that they couldn’t enter the Inner Grounds. The closest they got to the Imperial Family is walking up the gravel path to the stone bridge (seimon-ishibashi) and taking a photograph of the imposing gates from the other side. The Inner Grounds only open to the public on 2 January for the New Year’s Greetings from the Imperial Family, and the 23 December, the emperor’s birthday. Any other time during the year and you needed to make an application through the online form well in advance. However, the system changed mid 2016 to allow same-day registration for the tour. You can read more about the tour and see photographs inside the palace grounds here.
Kitanomaru Park located on the north side contains the Science Museum, National Museum of Modern Art, and the Nippon Budokan—Tokyo’s Royal Albert Hall.