The directional particle へ could be said to be a more literary version of the target particle に when the particle is used to denote a direction of movement. It is rarely ever used in conversation, but will be seen in the JLPT examinations from N5 onwards.

学校がっこうに きます。
I will go to school.
学校がっこう きます。
I will go to school.
友達ともだちに 手紙てがみを おくります。
I will send a letter to my friend.
友達ともだち 手紙てがみを おくります。
I will send a letter to my friend.

Nor does the direction of movement need to be physical.

【A】から 【B】に かわります。
To change from A to B.
【A】から 【B】 かわります。
To change from A to B.

The へ particle cannot, however, be used to mark an objective, as a location marker, or as a time marker.

友達ともだち います。()
友達ともだちに います。()
I will meet my friend.
ほんは ボックスの なか はいっています。()
ほんは ボックスの なかに はいっています。()
I will meet my friend.
4時よじ いえを かけます。()
4時よじに いえを かけます。()
I’ll leave the house at 4 o’clock.
You May Also Like

The Double Negative

ざる is another archaic form of the negative and 得ない can be used to mean “cannot do”. Put…

Trying

We have two ways to say “try” in Japanese, but the correct structure depends on the context. The…

The Topic Particle & State of Being

There is one verb that I’m going to introduce immediately: the auxiliary verb (です). In English, we use…

Changing States: ようにする/なる

We met the adverbial noun よう previously when we looked at ways to express similarity in Japanese. Its…