Up next
Share article
Facebook
Twitter
Mail
WhatsApp
Facebook Messenger
Reddit

ず is the classical version of the negative ending ない. It is often used in writing and in other grammatical structures. For group 1 and 2 verbs we simply replace ない with ず as per the following table:

English Dictionary Negative ず Form
to go 行いく 行いかない 行いかず
to swim 泳およぐ 泳およがない 泳およがず
to go home 帰かえる 帰かえらない 帰かえらず
to say 言いう 言いわない 言いわず
to think 考かんがえる 考かんがえない 考かんがえず

For group 3 verbs.

 English Dictionary Negative ず Form
to do する しない せず
to come 来る 来ない 来ず

To create the ないで te form we simply add に.

あまり相手あいての気持きもちを考慮こうりょせずに厳きびしい言葉ことばを投なげ掛かけた。
Without much considering the other person’s feelings he hurled some harsh words.
考かんがえずに旅行りょこうの予約よやくを入いれる。
To book a holiday without hesitation.
予約よやくせずにお店みせへ行いく。
To go to a restaurant without making a reservation.
You May Also Like

Negative Tendency

ありがちな考え方。 A typical way of thinking. ありがちな誤解。 A common misconception. メンバーが大勢いると結論のない議論になりがちである。 xxxxx

Other’s Desires: ～がる

We need to be careful when talking about other people’s emotions or feelings—I’m talking grammatically here. Japanese makes…

Ending Particles (よ, ね, よね)

Now that we’re beginning to form more complex sentences it is a good time to introduce two particles…

Covered in Something

When we want to say that something is covered in or full of something else (e.g. “the bookshelf…